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Что (кто) такое orogeny - определение
![continental plate]] to form an accretionary orogen. (example: the [[Andes]])](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Active Margin.svg?width=200 "continental plate]] to form an accretionary orogen. (example: the [[Andes]])")
![[[Continental collision]] of two continental plates to form a collisional orogen. Typically, continental crust is subducted to lithospheric depths for [[blueschist]] to [[eclogite facies]] metamorphism, and then exhumed along the same subduction channel. (example: the [[Himalayas]])](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Continental-continental convergence Fig21contcont.gif?width=200 "[[Continental collision]] of two continental plates to form a collisional orogen. Typically, continental crust is subducted to lithospheric depths for [[blueschist]] to [[eclogite facies]] metamorphism, and then exhumed along the same subduction channel. (example: the [[Himalayas]])")
![[[Mount Rundle]], [[Banff, Alberta]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mount Rundle, Banff, Canada (200544945).jpg?width=200 "[[Mount Rundle]], [[Banff, Alberta]].")
![delamination]]) as seen from the [[International Space Station]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sierra Nevada Mountains.JPG?width=200 "delamination]]) as seen from the [[International Space Station]].")
![A-type]] granites.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rodinia reconstruction.jpg?width=200 "A-type]] granites.")
Википедия
Orogeny is a mountain building process that takes place at a convergent plate margin when plate motion compresses the margin. An orogenic belt or orogen develops as the compressed plate crumples and is uplifted to form one or more mountain ranges. This involves a series of geological processes collectively called orogenesis. These include both structural deformation of existing continental crust and the creation of new continental crust through volcanism. Magma rising in the orogen carries less dense material upwards while leaving more dense material behind, resulting in compositional differentiation of Earth's lithosphere (crust and uppermost mantle). A synorogenic process or event is one that occurs during an orogeny.
The word "orogeny" () comes from Ancient Greek (ὄρος, óros, lit. ''mountain'' + γένεσις, génesis, lit. ''creation, origin''). Although it was used before him, the term was employed by the American geologist G. K. Gilbert in 1890 to describe the process of mountain-building as distinguished from epeirogeny.
